Primary Outcomes:

Primary Outcome 1 - Measure: Presence of iodinated contrast enhancement within the metastasis on post-injection CT

Primary Outcome 1 - Time Frame: Day 1

Primary Outcome 2 - Measure: Percentage of iodinated contrast enhancement within the metastasis on post-injection CT

Primary Outcome 2 - Time Frame: Day 1

Condition:

• Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC)
• Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
• Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

Eligibility

Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Histologically confirmed diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate, renal cell
carcinoma or urothelial carcinoma. Small cell or neuroendocrine tumors of the prostate
are also permitted.

2. Radiographic evidence of at least one bone, lymph node, soft tissue, or liver
metastasis, that is amenable to iodinated contrast injection, as judged by the study
radiologist

3. Adequate laboratory values:

1. Platelets ≥ 100,000

2. INR ≤ 1.3

4. Age > 18 years.

5. Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of intercurrent or past medical or psychiatric illness that would make
participation in a research biopsy protocol difficult or not feasible at the
discretion of the principal investigator or co-investigator(s).

2. Cr >2.0

3. History of iodinated contrast allergy

4. For patients undergoing research only biopsy: Requirement for anticoagulation with
heparin, low molecular weight heparin, clopidogrel, rivaroxaban, dabigatran, apixaban,
warfarin, Aggrenox, fondaparux, ticagrelor, etc (aspirin and other NSAIDs are ok but
should be held prior to biopsy in accordance with institutional standard of care)

5. Any other contraindication to CT with iodinated contrast, as CT with contrast will be
used in the study.
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Gender: Male

Minimum Age: 18 Years

Maximum Age: N/A

Healthy Volunteers: No